How to Cultivate Merang Mushrooms - As is well known that the mushroom is a type of fungus that is suitable for cultivation in the lowlands with higher air temperatures compared to oyster mushrooms.
The market need for mushroom mushrooms is high enough to make farmers difficult to meet market demand. This has caused the price of mushroom to be quite high at 40,000 / kg, compared with oyster mushrooms which are valued at 10,000 / kg.
Mushroom is a type of fungus that is widely cultivated by farmers in the lowlands. The method of cultivating mushroom is usually by utilizing agricultural waste.
The planting media used to grow straw mushrooms comes from compost or can also use other compost media. Mushroom has a delicious and chewy taste besides it is also rich in protein, calcium, phosphorus and other substances. Not surprisingly, many people make the mushroom mushrooms more favorite ingredients.
How to Cultivate Merang Mushrooms with Practical Methods
In general, mushroom cultivation is not much different from cultivating oyster mushrooms. Maybe the difference is quite striking, namely the levels of air toxicity.
If oyster mushrooms can grow well in high areas with cool temperatures, while mushroom mushrooms tend to adapt to low-lying areas with high temperatures. Immediately, for the cultivation of mushroom, you can follow the steps below.
Making Kumbung Mushrooms
Making Kumbung or mushroom house is an important part in the cultivation of mushroom. Because with this Kumbung later the fungus moisture and temperature levels are controlled.
Mushroom mushrooms are usually made from bamboo or iron frames and use plastic walls. But if you have funds you can build more permanent buildings.
The ideal mushroom size is 6 m x 4m with a height of about 2.5 meters. For areas that have cold temperatures, the mold walls should be coated with styrofoam to keep the temperature hot. Kumbung mushroom consists of 2 rows of racks from bamboo or maybe using an iron frame. Each row has 3-5 bundles of bed racks.
Each mushroom Kumbung is equipped with electric blowers to deliver air, portable lights, and heaters to keep the temperature of the Kumbung hot. The ideal temperature for cultivating mushroom is 32 degrees Celsius with a tolerance limit of 2 degrees Celsius.
Fermentation for Growing Media
The growth medium used for the cultivation of straw mushrooms is a combination of straw and cotton waste in a ratio of 1: 2 or maybe 1: 1, and mixed with agricultural lime as much as 3-4%. The three ingredients are mixed until evenly after being soaked in water for 24 hours. After the media is grown, it is then stacked in a room with the floor. Make a pile with a size of 1.5 x 1.5 x 1.5 meters. Then cover the pile using plastic after it is naturally fermented for 2-4 days.
When using growing media from straw, then soak the straw and give agricultural lime 1% and Urea 1%, then fermented for 6 days. Every one day once back and forth the haystack so that the heating is evenly distributed. Before the straw is placed on the bed shelf, give 10% bran, superphosphate and 1% agricultural lime.
Make a Steam Pipe
Steam generators can be made using 2 200-liter tanks which are then connected by using bamboo and paralog pipes to the Kumbung. The tank is then filled with water placed by lying on a Kumbung outdoor stove. then connected with bamboo pipes (attached to the tank) and Paralon pipes that are not thin to the kumbung.
The pipe that enters the kumbung is made of a small hole which is useful as a place for hot steam to escape. The size of the pipe used is about 2-3 cm. The pipe is placed on the top of the kumbung floor, in the middle of the room, and every meter of the pipe is given 8 holes for hot steam to discharge.
Media Filling and Pasteurization of Merang Mushroom Cultivation
After the media performance process has grown for 2-4 days, the growing medium has been placed on the bed shelf. Then proceed with the evaporation process so that the temperature inside the kumbung reaches 70 degrees Celsius. After the pasteurization process, let fresh air from outside the kumbung enter until the temperature drops to 30-50 degrees Celsius. The temperature reduction process takes about 24 hours.
After the temperature has begun to fall, it means that the beds are ready to be planted with mushroom seeds. The seeds that will be spread on the beds try to no longer form lumps. Spread all the seeds on the surface of the growing media. For racks with a width of 1 meter and a 3 meter display, it takes about 4-6 bottles of seeds with a size of 500ml bottles.
After the seeds are spread, cover all doors and windows for 3 days. Try to keep the room temperature at a temperature of 30-45 degrees Celsius so that the fungal mycelium can grow and develop on compost media. You can use a plastic cover to keep the temperature on the bed.
Read too :The next way to cultivate mushroom is to try to get sunlight into the kumbung. Usua,lly this process is carried out about 8 days after the spread of fungus seeds. This sunlight is needed to accelerate the growth of mushroom.
Maintenance Process of Merang Mushroom Cultivation
In mushroom cultivation, maintenance is needed so that plants can grow optimally. The first treatment is irrigation by spraying water on the bed surface. Try to use a sprayer so that the water coming out is in the form of mist. To add nutrients to the fungus, you can add 2-3 tablespoons of urea to 20 liters of water.
The next maintenance is to keep the temperature and humidity of the bed stable. The ideal temperature for the growth of the mushroom is 30-35 degrees Celsius, while the humidity is around 80-90%.
Control of Plant Disturbing Organisms
Pest control must be done so that the fungus can grow properly. The control can be done by maintaining the cleanliness of the mushroom kumbung with the following steps.
- Strain the air coming in and out of the mushroom kumbung
- Use a mat that is always moistened every day using 2% carbolic acid or maybe 5 chlorox
- Clean the kumbung from the remnants of straw or other dirt. Kumbung sterilization by spraying 2% formalin solution.
- Do not go in and out of mushrooms too often
- Remove compost that has fallen to the ground, because the contamination has been contaminated with bad bacteria
- Pick the mushroom that has been inflated and place it on a clean basket
- Keep the kumbung clean when doing harvesting, watering and cleaning the beds from weeds.
The cultivation of the mushroom can begin to be harvested within 15-25 days after the seedlings are spread in growing media. The fungus must be harvested immediately before it reaches its maximum size so as not to decay quickly. Penennya way is to be lifted and twisted carefully so that the fungus around it is not damaged. Mushroom harvesting process can be done in intervals of 20-30 days at intervals of 2 days.
The age of the fungus is very short, therefore, after harvesting the fungus must be sold immediately or to last a long time, it can be packaged using Styrofoam chest by placing ice on basic styrofoam.
That is the way of cultivating mushroom, it's quite complicated isn't it? Yups, this is comparable to the results you will get if you successfully cultivate mushroom independently.
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Wednesday, October 31, 2018
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